The Consolation of Philosophy · Book I
Book I

The Sorrows of Boethius

Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius · c. 524 A.D.
translated by H. R. James (1897)

Condemned to death and stripped of everything, Boethius sits in his prison cell pouring his grief into verse. Then a woman of more-than-human dignity appears at his side — Philosophy herself, come to heal him. Book I sets the scene: the patient's complaint, the physician's arrival, and her first diagnosis of his sickness of soul.

“Yet even in these misfortunes virtue shines through, when a man bears heavy and repeated calamity with serenity — not from dullness, but because he is noble and great of soul.”
— Aristotle, Ethics I. xi, Boethius' chosen epigraph

How to read these pages

Each chapter has its own page. On the left you read the original text — the alternating Songs (verse) and prose chapters that make this book unique, “skilfully fitted together like dialogue and chorus in a Greek play.” On the right a reading guide explains what is happening, unpacks the themes, identifies the names and allusions, and shows how each Song answers its chapter. Read the text first; glance right whenever you want help.

The Six Chapters of Book I

The argument of Book I, in brief

Boethius' complaint (Song I). — Ch. I. Philosophy appears, drives away the Muses of Poetry, and herself laments (Song II) the disordered condition of his mind. — Ch. II. Boethius is speechless with amazement; Philosophy wipes away the tears that have clouded his eyesight. — Ch. III. Boethius recognises his mistress Philosophy; she explains her presence and recalls the persecutions Philosophy has suffered from an ignorant world. — Ch. IV. Philosophy bids Boethius declare his griefs; he relates the story of his unjust accusation and ruin, concluding with a prayer (Song V) that the moral disorder in human affairs be set right. — Ch. V. Philosophy admits the justice of his self-vindication, but grieves for the change in his mind; she will first tranquillise his spirit with soothing remedies. — Ch. VI. Philosophy tests his mental state and discovers three chief causes of his soul's sickness: (1) he has forgotten his own true nature; (2) he knows not the end towards which the universe tends; (3) he knows not the means by which the world is governed.